Spring Boot Vue.js
last modified July 16, 2023
Spring Boot Vue.js tutorial shows how to create a simple Spring Boot with Vue.js framework.
Vue.js
Vue.js is a JavaScript framework for building user interfaces. It builds on top of standard HTML, CSS and JavaScript. It provides a declarative and component-based programming model.
It is marketed as an approachable, performant and versatile framework for building web user interfaces. Vue.js is an alternative to React.js and Angular.
There are several ways how we can integrate Vue.js in a Spring Boot application. It is possible to integrate Vue.js in a template file or we can create a REST application with a Vue.js UI as the consumer of REST APIs.
Also, we can include Vue.js with a simple HTML link or use a separate Vue build system.
Vue.js Groovy samples
We start with very simple Groovy examples.
app.groovy static └── index.html
This is the project structure.
@RestController
class MyApp {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
String home() {
"Hello there!"
}
}
The application sends a simple text message.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/vue@3"></script>
<div id="app">{{ message }}</div>
<script>
const {createApp} = Vue
createApp({
data() {
return {
message: 'Hello Vue!'
}
},
mounted() {
fetch('/hello')
.then((response) => response.text())
.then((data) => {
console.log(data);
this.message = data;
});
}
}).mount('#app')
</script>
</body>
</html>
In the HTML file, we include the Vue.js library from an external CDN source.
Upon starting the application, we generate a request to the Spring Boot
application and display the message in the div tag.
$ spring run app.groovy
We start the application and navigate to localhost:8080.
In the next example, we list words.
app.groovy
└── static
└── index.html
This is the project structure.
@RestController
class MyApp {
@RequestMapping("/words")
Map<String, List> home() {
return ['words': ['sky', 'cup', 'snow', 'war', 'water', 'ocean']]
}
}
The Spring Boot application sends a JSON response containing a list of words.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/vue@3"></script>
<div id="app">
<ul>
<li v-for="word in words">{{word}}</li>
</ul>
</div>
<script>
const { createApp } = Vue
createApp({
data() {
return {
words: []
}
},
mounted() {
fetch('/words')
.then((resp) => resp.text())
.then((data) => {
let vals = JSON.parse(data);
this.words = vals.words;
});
}
}).mount('#app')
</script>
</body>
</html>
The Vue application fetches the words from the endpoint, parses the JSON data and displays the words inside the HTML list.
Vue.js Java example
In the following example, we create a Spring Boot Java example. This time we will utilize the Vue build system.
vue-app/
├── backend
│ ├── bin
│ ├── build
│ ├── build.gradle
│ ├── gradle
│ ├── gradlew
│ ├── gradlew.bat
│ ├── HELP.md
│ ├── settings.gradle
│ └── src
└── frontend
├── babel.config.js
├── jsconfig.json
├── node_modules
├── package.json
├── package-lock.json
├── public
├── README.md
├── src
└── vue.config.js
The project is split into two directories: backend and
frontend. The Spring Boot application is in the backend and Vue.js
in the frontend.
$ spring init -d web build:gradle backend
We create the Spring Boot project.
plugins {
id 'org.springframework.boot' version '2.7.0'
id 'io.spring.dependency-management' version '1.1.0'
id 'java'
}
group = 'com.example'
version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
sourceCompatibility = '17'
repositories {
mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web'
}
This is the Gradle build file.
server.servlet.context-path=/api
We set the context-path in the application.properties
file.
package com.zetcode.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@GetMapping(value="/hello")
public String hello() {
return "Hello there!";
}
}
We have a simple HelloController where we map the
/hello URL path to a short text message.
package com.zetcode;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
}
We set up the Spring Boot application.
Now we create the frontend part.
$ npm install -g @vue/cli
We install the Vue command line tool.
$ vue create frontend
We create a new Vue application.
<template>
<div>
<h1>{{ msg }}</h1>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: 'MessageItem',
props: {
msg: String
}
}
</script>
We have a custom MessageItem component, which displays the hello
message.
<template>
<MessageItem :msg="msg" />
{{ message }}
</template>
<script>
import MessageItem from './components/MessageItem.vue'
export default {
name: 'App',
components: {
MessageItem
},
data() {
return {
message: 'Simple Spring Boot Vue application',
msg: ''
};
},
mounted() {
fetch('/api/hello')
.then((response) => response.text())
.then((data) => {
console.log(data);
this.msg = data;
});
}
}
</script>
<style>
#app {
font-family: sans-serif;
text-align: center;
color: #1b76d1;
}
</style>
This is the Vue application. We import the custom component and use it in the template section. We make a request to the Spring Boot application and pass the message to the custom component.
import { createApp } from 'vue'
import App from './App.vue'
createApp(App).mount('#app')
This is the main.js file which bootstraps Vue application.
const { defineConfig } = require('@vue/cli-service')
module.exports = defineConfig({
transpileDependencies: true,
devServer: {
port: 8081,
proxy: {
"/api/hello": {
target: "http://localhost:8080",
secure: false
}
}
}
})
We set the proxy for the development server so that it does not collide with the Spring Boot's server.
$ ./gradlew bootRun
We start the Spring Boot application.
$ npm run serve
We start the Vue.js development server.
After starting the servers, we navigate to localhost:8081.
In this article we have integrated the Vue.js framework with Spring Boot.