Spring profile XML tutorial
last modified October 18, 2023
Spring profile XML tutorial shows how to configure profiles in XML for a Spring application.
Spring is a popular Java application framework for creating enterprise applications.
Spring profile
A profile is a named set of beans declared for a specific environment such as development or production. Profiles can be configured in XML or using annotations.
Spring profile example
The application defines two profiles: production and development.
pom.xml
src
├───main
│ ├───java
│ │ └───com
│ │ └───zetcode
│ │ Application.java
│ └───resources
│ database-dev.properties
│ database-prod.properties
│ logback.xml
└───test
└───java
This is the project structure. We have two property files: database-dev.properties
and database-prod.properties.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.zetcode</groupId>
<artifactId>profileex</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target>
<spring-version>5.3.23</spring-version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
<version>1.4.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring-version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring-version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring-version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<configuration>
<mainClass>com.zetcode.Application</mainClass>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
In the pom.xml file, we have basic Spring dependencies spring-core,
spring-context, spring-jdbc, and logging logback-classic dependency.
The exec-maven-plugin is used for executing Spring application from the
Maven on the command line.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
<logger name="org.springframework" level="ERROR"/>
<logger name="com.zetcode" level="INFO"/>
<appender name="consoleAppender" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<encoder>
<Pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} %blue(%-5level) %magenta(%logger{36}) - %msg %n
</Pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>
<root>
<level value="INFO" />
<appender-ref ref="consoleAppender" />
</root>
</configuration>
The logback.xml is a configuration file for the Logback logging library.
db.url=jdbc:h2:mem:testdb db.username=testuser db.password=s$cret
These are development properties.
db.url=jdbc:postgresql://localhost/mydb db.username=user7 db.password=s$cret
These are production properties.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database-${spring.profiles.active}.properties"/>
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.SimpleDriverDataSource">
<property name="url" value="${db.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${db.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${db.password}"/>
</bean>
</beans>
The my-beans.xml contains a dataSource bean.
The <context:property-placeholder> tag configures properties for the
datasource, based on the active Spring profile.
package com.zetcode;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.context.support.GenericXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.SimpleDriverDataSource;
public class Application {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Application.class);
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.setProperty("spring.profiles.active", "prod");
var ctx = new GenericXmlApplicationContext("my-beans.xml");
var dataSource = (SimpleDriverDataSource) ctx.getBean("dataSource");
logger.info("Url: {}", dataSource.getUrl());
logger.info("User name: {}", dataSource.getUsername());
logger.info("Password: {}", dataSource.getPassword());
ctx.close();
}
}
The application retrieves the dataSource bean and prints its properties.
The active property is set with System.setProperty method. Alternatively,
we can set the property as a VM variable -Dspring.profiles.active=prod
or in IDE settings.
$ mvn -q -Dspring.profiles.active=dev exec:java 20:30:45.832 INFO com.zetcode.Application - Url: jdbc:h2:mem:testdb 20:30:45.832 INFO com.zetcode.Application - User name: testuser 20:30:45.832 INFO com.zetcode.Application - Password: s$cret
We run the application with the profile set on the command line
In this article we have created a development and production profile for a Spring application.
List all Spring tutorials.