JavaScript Builder pattern tutorial
last modified October 18, 2023
In this article we show how to use Builder pattern to create objects in JavaScript.
Builder pattern
Builder pattern is a design pattern to provide a flexible solution for creating objects. Builder pattern separates the construction of a complex object from its representation.
Builder pattern builds a complex object using simple objects by providing a step by step approach. It belongs to the creational patterns.
Builder pattern example
The following example uses a Builder pattern with TaskBuilder.
let Task = function(name, description, finished, dueDate) {
this.name = name;
this.description = description;
this.finished = finished;
this.dueDate = dueDate;
}
let TaskBuilder = function () {
let name;
let description;
let isFinished = false;
let dueDate;
return {
setName: function (name) {
this.name = name;
return this;
},
setDescription: function (description) {
this.description = description;
return this;
},
setFinished: function (finished) {
this.finished = finished;
return this;
},
setDueDate: function (dueDate) {
this.dueDate = dueDate;
return this;
},
build: function () {
return new Task(name, description, isFinished, dueDate);
}
};
};
let task = new TaskBuilder().setName('Task A').setDescription('finish book')
.setDueDate(new Date(2019, 5, 12));
console.log(task);
In this example, we have a TaskBuilder which generates Task
objects.
let Task = function(name, description, finished, dueDate) {
this.name = name;
this.description = description;
this.finished = finished;
this.dueDate = dueDate;
}
This is a Task object. It has four attributes: name,
description, finished, and dueDate.
return {
setName: function (name) {
this.name = name;
return this;
},
...
The TaskBuilder returns functions which set the four attributes.
Note that each function returns this, the reference to the
current object. This way we can chain the function calls. The chain of
function calls is known as fluent API.
let task = new TaskBuilder().setName('Task A').setDescription('finish book')
.setDueDate(new Date(2019, 5, 12));
console.log(task);
We create a task using TaskBuilder.
Source
In this article we have presented the Builder pattern in JavaScript.